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Presilium Private Wealth
Investing & Markets

The January Barometer

The January Barometer is a historical pattern suggesting that when the S&P 500 posts a positive January, the market has often finished the year higher as well. This video reviews the data since 1928, including average returns in both positive and negative January years, and frames the trend as history rather than a forecast.

The January Barometer is a historical pattern suggesting that when the S&P 500 posts a positive January, the market has often finished the year higher as well. This video reviews the data since 1928, including average returns in both positive and negative January years, and frames the trend as history rather than a forecast.

Key takeaways

  • Since 1928, the S&P 500 has posted a positive January about 54% of the time, essentially a coin flip.
  • In years when January was positive, the market has historically finished the year higher roughly 87% of the time, with an average gain of more than 17.2%.
  • In years when January was negative, full-year market returns have historically been more modest.
  • A positive historical pattern like the January Barometer is not a guarantee of future results, and Presilium remains prepared for market volatility regardless of how the year starts.

Hi friends, the S&P 500 just had a great start to 2025 with a gain of 2.7% in January. Consequently, I wanted to talk with you about the January Barometer. This interesting market indicator says that stock returns will finish the year positive when returns were positive in January. We studied this for you to see just how accurate this has been in the past and what this may tell us about the future.

We looked at the data on the S&P 500 going back to 1928. Since then, it has been positive in the month of January about 54% of the time, so basically a coin flip as to whether January will be positive or negative. However, in the years where January was positive, like this year, the market went on to finish the year up 87% of the time, and the average annual return for those positive years was more than 17.2%. Conversely, in years when January was negative, stocks were only positive 57% of the time, with an average return of only 5.5%, almost 12% less than the positive January years.

A historical trend is certainly not a guarantee of future results, but it is amazing how often these long-term historical trends continue to hold true. In our 2025 market outlook video a few weeks ago, we talked about why we're optimistic for the upcoming year, and after a great January, we wanted to add this historical trend as another reason for optimism in this upcoming year. As usual, we will also continue to be ready to take advantage of any volatility or temporary market declines that we'll likely see at some point this year.

Thank you, and I look forward to talking with you next Friday morning.

Written by

Jerry Davidse

Chief Executive Officer · CFP®

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